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After a brief lull in the summer of , Trotsky published The Lessons of October , an extensive summary of the events of Born in Ukraine to a Jewish family, Zinoviev joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in and sided with Vladimir Lenin 's Bolsheviks in the party's split, forging a close political relationship with him. Brotherstone, Terence; Dukes, Paul, eds.

To overcome our enemies we must have our own socialist militarism. During a lull in the intra-party fighting in the spring of , Zinoviev, Kamenev and their supporters gravitated closer to Trotsky's supporters and the two groups soon formed an alliance, which also incorporated some smaller opposition groups within the Communist Party.

Within weeks of the Congress, Stalin wrested control of the Leningrad party organization and government from Zinoviev and had him dismissed from all regional posts, leaving only the Comintern as a possible power base for Zinoviev. During a lull in the intra-party fighting in the spring of , Zinoviev, Kamenev and their supporters gravitated closer to Trotsky's supporters and the two groups soon formed an alliance, which also incorporated some smaller opposition groups within the Communist Party.

After a brief lull in the summer of , Trotsky published Lessons of October , an extensive summary of the events of For the next five years it was Trotsky and not Zinoviev who was the number two man in the Bolshevik Party. ISBN In the article, Trotsky described Zinoviev's and Kamenev's opposition to the Bolshevik seizure of power in , something that the two would have preferred left unmentioned.

Zinoviev rejected the call by Julius Martov who wanted a large group of activists regardless of ability to lead the working class forward. It is not difficult to understand why some of the leaders of the Liberal-Conservative bloc had recourse to such methods as the forging of documents. He also became the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Comintern when it was created in March During Lenin's final illness and after his death in , Zinoviev allied with Kamenev and Joseph Stalin in a leadership " troika " against Trotsky.

In the article, Trotsky described Zinoviev's and Kamenev's opposition to the Bolshevik seizure of power in , something that the two would have preferred left unmentioned.

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While Trotsky remained firm in his opposition to Stalin after his expulsion from the Party and subsequent exile, Zinoviev and Kamenev capitulated almost immediately and called on their supporters to follow suit. The two sides spent most of the year lining up support behind the scenes. This was soon reported to Stalin and used against Bukharin as proof of his factionalism.

Zinoviev was sentenced to 10 years in prison and his supporters received various prison terms. Between and the fall of the Russian Empire in February , he was a leading Bolshevik and one of Lenin's closest associates, working both within Russia and abroad as circumstances permitted. Leave your comments. A prominent Old Bolshevik , Zinoviev was a close associate of Vladimir Lenin prior to and a leading figure in the early Soviet government.

The triumvirate carefully managed the intra-party debate and delegate selection process in autumn during the run-up to the XIIIth Party Conference and secured a vast majority of the seats. Before the Revolution — [ edit ]. The organisation of which I am the president never describes itself officially as the Executive Committee of the Third Communist International ; the official name is Executive Committee of the Communist International.

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See also [ edit ]. Zinoviev and his co-defendants were formally absolved of the spurious charges which led to their death by the Soviet government in during perestroika. Posting comment as a guest. During Lenin's final illness, Zinoviev, his close associate Kamenev and Joseph Stalin formed a ruling 'triumvirate' or 'troika' in the Communist Party, playing a key role in marginalizing Leon Trotsky.